WestCoast PATH370 Week 3 Quiz Latest 2021 February

PATH370 Pathophysiology

Week 3 Quiz  

Question 1In a patient with mitral stenosis, cardiac catheterization findings would indicate increased pressure in the

Right ventricle

Left ventricle

Right atria

Left atria

Question 2A common cause of heart failure is which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Coronary artery disease

Valvular heart disease

Cardiomyopathy

Hypertension

Anemia

Question 3

Which describes a pathologic manifestation of neurogenic shock?

Release of vasodilatory mediators such as histamine into the circulation

Loss of sympathetic activation of arteriolar smooth muscle

Increased sympathetic nervous stimulation

Massive immune system activation

Question 4InThe nurse includes what information when educating a client concerning a first-degree heart block? (Select all that apply.)

An electrocardiogram is used to identify this conduction disorder.

Congenital heart defects are often the cause of the disorder.

The condition is monitored, but not actively managed.

Bradycardia is a common characteristic.

First-degree blocks are rare.

Question 5The shift to anaerobic metabolism in shock results in

Metabolic alkalosis

Decreased oxygen utilization

Increased lactate production

Decreased hydrogen ion production

Question 6Which diagnostic analysis is used to identify patients with heart failure? (Select all that apply.)

BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide)

ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide)

Complete blood count (CBC)

Echocardiogram

Chest x-ray film

Question 7Which is a risk factor associated with hypertension? (Select all that apply.)

Age

Caucasian race

African-American race

High potassium intake

History of tobacco smoking

Question 8Risk factors for the development of high blood pressure are which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Age

Race

Diet

Weight

Chronic illness

Question 9Abnormal vascular regulation by endothelial cells in small vessels of the heart contributes to

Hypertension

Dysrhythmias

Truncus arteriosus

Ischemic heart disease

Question 10Which condition may result in chronic pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, and right-sided heart failure?

Aortic valve stenosis

Mitral valve stenosis

Acute myocarditis

Aortic insufficiency

Question 11Atherosclerosis predisposes to a number of processes that are factors in myocardial ischemia. These processes include

Hemorrhage

Coronary dilation

Thrombus formation

ventricular dysrhythmia

Question 12Systemic blood pressure is determined by which factor(s)? (Select all that apply.)

Heart rate (HR)

Stroke volume (SV)

Cardiac output (CO)

Systemic vascular resistance (SVR)

Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)

Question 13The primary cause of sudden cardiac death is usually due to

Heart failure

Cardiomyopathy

Atherosclerotic plaques

Ventricular dysrhythmia

Question 14Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) can be indirectly estimated with the use of which blood pressure measurement?

Systolic pressure

Diastolic pressure

Pulmonary arterial pressure

Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure

Question 15What is the underlying problem common among all types of shock?

Cardiac failure

Generalized vasodilation

Inadequate cellular oxygenation

Faulty compensatory mechanisms

Question 16Atrial fibrillation is best described as when

The P wave precedes, follows, or is buried in the QRS complex

Disorganized and irregular atrial waves are accompanied by an irregular ventricular rate

An atrial rate of 240 to 350 beats/min in a sawtooth pattern of atrial depolarization is seen

P waves occurs earlier than normal, preceded by a P wave with a normal QRS configuration

Question 17Cardiac output is the product of both

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR)

Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and pulse pressure

Pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure (MAP)

Stroke volume and heart rate

Question 18What is another name for vasopressin?

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Antidiuretic hormone

Angiotensin

Aldosterone

Question 19A patient is admitted to the hospital with left-sided heart failure. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect the client to exhibit? (Select all that apply.)

Cough

Dyspnea

Bradypnea

Crackles in lungs

Peripheral edema

Question 20Uncontrolled massive bleeding causes what type of shock?

Cardiogenic

Hypovolemic

Neurogenic

Septic