UMGC ENMT495 Week 4 Quiz Latest 2022 February

ENMT495 Global Environmental

Week 4 Quiz

Question 1          Which of the following are reasons for business to implement sustainability into their organization?  Check all that apply.

  Improvement of company’s image

  Increased attraction and retention of employees who care about sustainability

  Lowering of legal risks and insurance costs

  Reduction of energy and materials use and waste

   Differentiation of product or services and brand

Question 2          The figure above is from one of your course viewings on trends versus variations. Check all correct statements about trends versus variations.

  If the axis of the graph above was time (x axis) versus average global temperature (y axis), the global temperature trend would be shown to be increasing

  The man determines the direction the dog will eventually go

   The dog's path is like actual yearly global temperature averages we have seen

   If the axis of the graph above was time versus average global temperature, the most recent temperature trend would appear to be going down

 The dog has determined the path the man will walk

 

Question 3Which of the following statements are correct about our global use of fossil fuel? Check all that apply.

   Fossil fuel drives the world economy

  The consequences of our fossil fuel use has left indigenous people untouched

   With advanced technology, we are finding cheaper ways of obtaining fossil fuel

  The cost of fossil fuel around the world accounts for its social and ecological consequences

 

Question 4          Please match the key term or phrase with the blank that it best fits into.  Note that there are more keywords and phrases than there are blanks to fill in.

                ____                     All technologies have  _________ impact.

                ____                     Acid rain is a _________ issue that is caused by excessive emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides.

                ____                     The present use of fossil fuel does not account for  _________ such as the effect of fossil fuel on public health and climate.

                ____                     The disproportionate distribution of environmental risks to the poor has come to be known as _________.

                ____                     Harvesting x amount of biomass without changing the forest’s ability to grow the same x amount of biomass year after year is evidence that we are harvesting at  _________.

                ___                        Taking a  _________ approach would essentially ban any substance that increases health risks.

                ____                     If the glaciers keep melting at a fast rate, this could slow down the thermohaline circulation, and thus coo the northern hemisphere.  This is an example of a  _________ cycle.

                ____                     We have seen that treatment technologies to solve one pollution problem often create another pollution issue.   Hence, there is a need for a  _________ approach to pollution mitigation and prevention programs.

                ____                     The most effective approach to changing public behavior toward environmental sustainability is  _________, as demonstrated by many social science case studies.

                ____                     Taking a  _________ approach would mandate the use of the best available technology for environmental management.

                ____                     The _________ is based upon preventing environmental harm rather than reacting to it.   This principle has mainly been used in Europe.

                                1.            Albedo

2.            Assimilative capacity

3.            Carrying capacity

4.            Command and control

5.            Environmental

6.            Environmental injustice

7.            Environmental Ethics

8.            Externalities

9.            Global

10.          Insolation

11.          Local

12.          Market-driven

13.          Maximum sustainable yield

14.          Multimedia

15.          Negative feedback

16.          Peer pressure

17.          Positive feedback

18.          Precautionary Principle

19.          Regional

20.          Technology-based

21.          Zero-risk

Question 5          What does this figure demonstrate?  Check all correct statements.

  The mass of humans plus their livestock outweigh wild animals by more than 50:1

  There are two very big fish in a fish tank

 We are at global carrying capacity

  Humans have really altered the biomass of the planet

Question 6          Which of the following statements are part of adaptive environmental management?

  Integrative approach considering social, economic, political and environmental issues

  Environmental challenges can be solved with command and control

   Hypothesis testing and continual experimentation

   Modified ideas in light of new experiences

 Adapting to climate change instead of working for mitigation

Question 7          Which of he following are correct about the role of government and public policy in ENMT?

  Their role is purely regulatory

   Government and public policies exert considerable influence on the revenues, costs, and net earnings of a market economy

  Government and public policies exert considerable influence on what activities businesses will invest in

  Viability of businesses are a result of government and public policies

Question 8          Match the technology listed to the type of technology it represents

                ____                     Monitoring

                ____                     Avoidance

                ____                     Control

                ____                     Remediaton

1.            Precipitation

2.            Encapsulation

3.            Biosensors

4.            Product substitution

Question 9          The figure above describes the ___________ management process.

 Assessment

 Design and implementation

 Adaptive

 Circular

 Evaluative

Question 10        Which of these are examples of a pure Pigouvian tax?  Check all that apply.

  Cigarette tax at 1 cent per cigarette

 A slowly rising carbon fee and dividend beginning at $10 per metric ton of CO2 emitted to set a market signal

  A tax on manufactures of nicotine to account for environmental and social costs of the nicotine product

  A tax per metric ton of NOx emissions at the source that accounts for environmental and social costs of NOx emissions

 Sales tax

 

Question 11Which of these are correct statements about sustainable business?  Check all that apply.

 A timber company that harvests its own timber reserves in two years to make a windfall profit is a sustainable business.

 A revenue-neutral carbon fee and dividend would contribute to sustainable businesses

 In a free market economy, government policies will not influence sustainable businesses

 Consumers play a large role in the success of sustainable businesses

 Only larger-size companies such as Ford can afford to be sustainable

Question 12        Which of the following are involved in forming public policy?  Check all that apply.

  Judicial system

  People and organizations advocating their positions publicly

   Lobbying congress

   Educating supporters and opponents

   Mobilizing allies

Question 13        Using pressurized CO2 to replace CFCs in propellants is an example of ________environmental technology.

 Avoidance

 Monitoring

 Control

 Remediation

Question 14        Which of these are ways to prevent pollution?  Check all that apply.

  Material or feed-stock substitutions

   Inventory Management

  Spills or leak prevention

  Reformulation or redesign of products

Question 15        Some people think a solution to population growth is to create orbiting self-sustaining satellite colonies.  Let’s say we actually are advanced enough to produce self-sustaining satellite colonies that orbit our earth that can hold up to 49,000 people on it. Given present population growth of 700 million per year, how many of these satellite stations do we need out in space per year to take in enough people so that earth’s population remains constant?

Question 16        Which of the following statements are correct about the two surfaces shown above? (Check all that apply)

  The surface pictured in (a) has the lower albedo than the one pictured in (b)

  With a negative feedback cycle for climate change, the surface shown in (b) would be changed to the surface shown in (a)

   The surface pictured in (b) has greater reflectivity than the surface pictured in (a)

  Changes in either of these surfaces to the other could produce a negative feedback cycle

Question 17        Which of these statements are correct about NAAQS?  Check all that apply.

  NAAQS is administered by the EPA

 They are voluntary standards

  NAAQS applies to both indoor and outdoor air

  NAAQS are technology-based

 NAAQS applies to end-of-pipe emissions.

Question 18        Which of the following statements are made with the figure above?  Check all that apply.

  It examines the local, regional, and global burden of increasing wealth for specific issues

 It provides evidence for I=PAT

  It provides general relationships between increasing wealth and their effect on health locally, regionally, and globally

  It suggests that increasing global wealth will linearly decrease global health burdens

 

Question 19        Which of the following are clear examples of environmental injustice?  Check all s.

  Placement of an asphalt construction company in neighborhood X

 Building a transmission line through a historic site.

 The placement of a solar panel distribution center in a poor neighborhood

  Lead levels in soils in neighborhood X are found to be above EPA limits for soil contamination and are five times higher than city average for all other neighborhoods

 

Placement itself is not a case for environmental injustice.  The company has to operate somewhere!

Question 20        If you earned full credit for all the short answer questions from the previous two quizzes, you will automatically earn full credit for this question. 

If you have not earned full credit for all the short answer questions in the previous quizzes, take one of your answers you earned the lowest score in, read my comments back to you (if you have not already done so), and demonstrate that you have learned from your mistake(s) by providing a logical answer to the question asked and sharing why your old answer was incorrect.

Question 21        Check all questions that should be asked as part of risk assessment of chemical X:

  What is the dose-response curve for chemical X?

  What are the control options for chemical X?

  What is the most likely exposure to humans and/or ecological receptor of chemical X in this setting?

   How much of chemical X is present in this setting?

 

Question 22        Social cost of burning fossil fuel in the U.S. include:  (Check all that apply)

  Cheaper foods

  More isolated communities

   Increased cases of heart disease

   Increased cases of asthma

  Environmental justice issues

Question 23                        A revenue-neutral, border corrected carbon fee is an example of: (Check all that apply)

  Command and control regulations

   Legislation to help set a market signal for transition out of fossil fuel

  Legislation to encourage markets to find less intensive carbon sources for energy

  Something that can solve all local environmental issues.

Question 24        Which of the following statements can be concluded from viewing the figure above? (Check all that apply.)

 Most of the radiation coming into the earth is heat

  All of the sunlight entering our atmosphere is transmitted to earth

  The majority of the radiation from our earth is infrared

  Most of the infrared coming out of our earth is transmitted into outer space

Question 25        Using an off-gas system to control sulfur oxides and soot emissions is an example of ________environmental technology.

  Avoidance

 Monitoring

  Control

 Remediation