Regis NU641 Week 8 Midterm Quiz Latest 2021 September

NU641 Advanced Clinical Pharmacology

Week 8 Midterm Quiz  

Question 1A 12-year-old male’s peak expiratory flow results indicate 60 to 80% of the predicted range. How would the nurse practitioner classify his asthma?

Select one:

 a.Mild intermittent asthma

 b.Mild persistent asthma

 c.Moderate persistent asthma

 d.Severe asthma

Question 2A 13-year-old child comes to the clinic with a four-day history of cough, low-grade fever, and rhinorrhea. When she blows her nose or coughs, the mucous is greenish-yellow. What would be the appropriate course of treatment?

Select one:

 a.Amoxicillin

b.Amoxicillin/clavulanate

 c.TMP/SMZ (Septra)

 d.Symptomatic care

Question 3 A 25-year-old female presents with 100.5F temp and 10 days of sinus pressure in forehead with thick yellow nasal congestion. She reports no improvement with OTC decongestants. On exam, you find sinus tenderness to frontal sinuses. She denies any recent antibiotic use and no allergies to medications. What is recommended for medication?

Select one:

 a.Levofloxacin

 b.Amoxicillin

 c.Azithromycin

d.Doxycycline

Question 4A 65-year-old woman’s bone density result shows severe demineralization of cortical bone. All of the following pharmacologic agents are useful in treating this condition except which one?

Select one:

 a.Raloxifene (Evista)

 b.Calcitonin (Miacalcin)

 c.Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)

 d.Calcium with Vitamin D

Question 5A 72-year-old patient takes omeprazole for her chronic Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). What would chronic long-term omeprazole use place the patient at increased risk for?

Select one:

 a.Megaloblastic anemia

 b.Osteoporosis

 c.Hypertension

 d.Strokes

Question 6A 90-year-old patient presents to the emergency room with pneumonia. On review, the nurse practitioner notes that the patient lives in a nursing home. Which pathogen is most common in this population?

Select one:

 a.Mycoplasma pneumonia

 b.Viruses

 c.Streptococcus pneumoniae

 d.Staphylococcus aureus

Question 7A kindergarten teacher is diagnosed with acute pharyngitis. On exam, the throat is a bright red color with no tonsillar exudate, and clear mucus is seen on the lower nasal turbinates. The result of her urinalysis shows a large amount of white blood cells and is positive for nitrites. The patient has a sulfa allergy and thinks she is also allergic to penicillins. Which of the following is the best treatment choice?

Select one:

 a.Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Augmentin) 500 mg PO BID

 b.Levoquinolone (Levaquin) 250 mg PO daily

 c.Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim DS) 1 tablet PO BID

 d.Clarithromycin (Biaxin) 500 mg PO BID

Question 8A patient is newly diagnosed with intermittent asthma. Which medication(s) should the nurse practitioner initiate?

Select one:

 a.Albuterol

 b.Albuterol plus Fluticasone

 c.Albuterol plus Salmeterol

 d.Salmeterol

Question 9A patient presents to the clinic with wheezing, cough, and shortness of breath. The patient informs you he has been a two-pack-per-day smoker for 20 years and during this time worked as a carpenter without using PPE. You administer a Short Acting Beta Agonist without any resolve of symptoms. Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) reveals: 50% predicted ≤FEV1 <80% predicted. What would you diagnose the patient with?

Select one:

 a.Severe asthma

 b.Moderate Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

c.Tuberculosis

 d.Bronchitis

Question 10A patient recently had a stroke and would like to stop smoking. What treatment option would be most appropriate?

Select one:

 a.Nicotine gum

b.Nicotine patch

 c.Nicotine nasal spray

 d.Varenicline

Question 11A patient with chronic hepatitis that has led to mildly impaired liver function has an infection that would be best treated by a macrolide. Which would be the best choice for a patient with liver dysfunction?

Select one:

 a.Azithromycin (Zithromax)

b.Clarithromycin (Biaxin)

 c.Erythromycin (E-mycin)

 d.None of the answers are

Question 12A Purified Protein Derivative (PPd) test and chest x-ray confirm a patient has tuberculosis. What should the nurse practitioner prescribe for therapy?

Select one:

 a.Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for six months

 b.Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for two months

 c.Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for two months, then isoniazid and rifampin for four months

 d.Isoniazid and rifampin for four months.

Question 13A young adult will be traveling to Mexico with her church group over spring break to build houses. She is concerned she may develop traveler’s diarrhea. Advice includes following normal food and water precautions as well as taking which of the following?

Select one:

 a.Loperamide four times a day throughout the trip

 b.Bismuth subsalicylate before each meal and at bedtime

 c.Prescription diphenoxylate with atropine if she gets diarrhea

 d.Calcium carbonate (Tums) four times a day for stomach upset

Question 14Acetaminophen is not the drug of choice for mild to moderate pain in which of the following patients?

Select one:

 a.Patients with a blood coagulation disorder

 b.Patients who have chronic liver dysfunction/alcoholics

 c.Pregnant patients

 d.Patients with cirrhosis of the liver

Question 15After H. pylori treatment is completed, what is the next step in peptic ulcer disease therapy?

Select one:

 a.Testing for H. pylori eradication with a serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test

b.Endoscopy by a specialist

 c.A proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for 8 to 12 weeks until healing is complete

 d.All of the answers are

Question 16All patients with hypertension benefit from diuretic therapy, but which ones benefit the most?

Select one:

 a.Those with orthostatic hypertension

 b.African Americans

 c.Those with stable angina

 d.Diabetics

Question 17An elderly person has been prescribed lactulose for treatment of chronic constipation. What would monitoring with long-term treatment include?

Select one:

 a.Electrolytes, including potassium and chloride

 b.Bone mineral density for osteoporosis

 c.Magnesium level

 d.Liver function

Question 18Angela is a black woman who has heard that women of African descent do not need to worry about osteoporosis. What education would you provide to Angela about her risk?

Select one:

 a.Angela is . Black women do not have much risk of developing osteoporosis due to their dark skin.

 b.Black women as a group are at risk of developing osteoporosis due to their lower calcium intake when young.

 c.If Angela doesn’t drink alcohol, her risk of developing osteoporosis is low.

 d.If Angela has not lost more than 10% of her weight lately, her risk is low.

Question 19As patients with hyperlipidemia and angina age, they may find their nitroglycerin tablets “do not work as well.”  What is this a function of?

Select one:

 a.Faulty memory

 b.Forgetting how to use the drugs

 c.Blunted coronary artery dilation due to calcified plaques

 d.Myocardial atrophy of aging

Question 20Before initiating treatment of ethambutol, what baseline tests should the nurse practitioner perform?

Select one:

 a.Comprehensive Metabolic Panel & Complete Blood Count only

 b.Pulmonary Function Test only

 c.Pulmonary Function Test and Ophthalmology exam only

 d.Ophthalmology exam only

Question 21Donald has been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. Based on his lipid profile, atorvastatin is prescribed. Rhabdomyolysis is a rare but serious adverse response to this drug. What should the nurse practitioner educate Donald on?

Select one:

 a.Become a vegetarian because this disorder is associated with eating red meat.

 b.Stop taking the drug if abdominal cramps and diarrhea develop.

 c.Report muscle weakness or tenderness and dark urine to his provider immediately.

 d.Expect “hot flash” sensations during the first two weeks of therapy.

Question 22Fluoroquinolones have a black box warning regarding what, even months after treatment?

Select one:

 a.Renal dysfunction

 b.Hepatic toxicity

 c.Tendon rupture

 d.Development of glaucoma

Question 23How does Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) work?

Select one:

 a.It blocks muscarinic cholinergic receptors.

 b.It makes muscarinic cholinergic receptors more available.

 c.It reduces physiological effects of histamine at the H1-receptor site.

 d.It blocks beta2 receptors

Question 24If a patient is exhibiting signs of nicotine toxicity when using transdermal nicotine, when he removes the patch what should his next action be?

Select one:

 a.Wash the area thoroughly with alcohol.

 b.Wash the area thoroughly with water.

 c.Reapply a new patch in eight hours.

 d.Take acetaminophen for the headache associated with toxicity.

Question 25If interventions to resolve the cause of pain (for example, rest, ice, compression, and elevation) are insufficient, pain medications are given based on the severity of pain. Drugs are given in which order of use?

Select one:

 a.NSAIDs, opiates, corticosteroids

b.Low-dose opiates, salicylates, increased dose of opiates

 c.Opiates, non-opiates, increased dose of non-opiates

 d.Non-opiates, increased dose of non-opiates, opiates

Question 26If not chosen as the first drug in hypertension treatment, which drug class should be added as a second step because it will enhance the effects of most other agents? Select one.

Select one:

 a.ACE inhibitors

 b.Beta blockers

 c.Calcium channel blocker

 d.Diuretics

Question 27Many patients with hyperlipidemia are treated with more than one drug. Combining a fibric acid derivative such as gemfibrozil with which of the following is not recommended? The drug and the reason must both be  for the answer to be .

Select one:

 a.Reductase inhibitors, due to an increased risk for rhabdomyolysis

 b.Bile-acid sequestering resins, due to interference with folic acid absorption

 c.Grapefruit juice, due to interference with metabolism

 d.Calcium channel blocker, due to decreased gemfibrozil activity

Question 28One of the main drug classes used to treat acute pain is nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs). Why are they used?

Select one:

 a.They have less risk for liver damage than acetaminophen.

b.Inflammation is a common cause of acute pain.

 c.They have minimal gastrointestinal (GI) irritation.

 d.Regulation of blood flow to the kidneys is not affected by these drugs.

Question 29The most recent treatment guidelines strongly recommend drug dosing primarily based on which of the following?

Select one:

 a.Family history

 b.Personal cardiovascular risk

 c.Specific lipid levels

 d.Twenty-year risk of cardiovascular event

Question 30The nurse practitioner will be prescribing oxygen for a patient. What should the patient’s oxygen saturation goal be?

Select one:

 a.80%

 b.85%

 c.90%

 d.95%

Question 31What are the factors that place a patient at risk of developing an antimicrobial-resistant organism?

Select one:

 a.Age over 50 years

 b.School attendance

 c.Travel within the United States

 d.Inappropriate use of antimicrobials

Question 32What are the steps the nurse practitioner should take to avoid polypharmacy?

Select one:

 a.Prescribing two or fewer drugs from each drug class

b.Reviewing a complete drug history every 12 to 18 months

 c.Encouraging the elderly patient to coordinate their care with all of their providers

 d.Evaluating for duplications in drug therapy and discontinuing any duplications

Question 33What is the first line of treatment for cough related to an upper respiratory tract infection (URI) in a 5-year-old child?

Select one:

 a.Fluids and symptomatic care

 b.Dextromethorphan and guaifenesin syrup (Robitussin DM for Kids)

 c.Guaifenesin and codeine syrup (Tussin Ac)

 d.Chlorpheniramine and dextromethorphan syrup (Nyquil for Kids)

Question 34What is the first-line decongestant to prescribe for a 60-year-old patient with hypertension?

Select one:

 a.Oral pseudoephedrine

b.Oral phenylephrine

 c.Nasal oxymetazoline

 d.Nasal azelastine

Question 35What is the role of calcium supplements when patients take bisphosphonates?

Select one:

 a.They must be restricted to allow the medication to work.

 b.They must be taken in sufficient amounts to provide foundational elements for bone growth.

 c.They must be taken at the same time as the bisphosphonates.

 d.They only work with bisphosphonates if daily intake is unrestricted.

Question 36What is the safest medication for a pregnant woman with pneumonia, who has no medication allergies?

Select one:

 a.Doxycycline

 b.Levaquin

 c.Erythromycin

 d.Clarithromycin

Question 37What is the target goal when treating tuberculosis (TB)?

Select one:

 a.Completion of recommended therapy

 b.Negative purified protein derivative (PPd) at the end of therapy

 c.Completely normal chest x-ray

 d.All of the answers are

Question 38What should the nurse practitioner be educating a patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease who uses inhaled corticosteroids about?

Select one:

 a.Doubling the dose at the first sign of a Upper Respiratory Infection (URI)

 b.Using their inhaled corticosteroid first and then their bronchodilator

 c.Rinsing their mouth after inhaler use

 d.Abstaining from smoking for at least 30 minutes after using

Question 39What type of laxatives would the nurse practitioner recommend for short- or long-term treatment of mild constipation?

Select one:

 a.Enemas

 b.Osmotics

 c.Bulk-forming

 d.Stimulants

Question 40What would be the appropriate goal of treatment when prescribing antiretroviral therapy (ART) medication to patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Select one:

 a.Prevention of vertical HIV transmission

 b.Improvement in quality of life

 c.Prolongation of survival

 d.All of the answers are

Question 41What would be the appropriate treatment for H. pylori in a patient who recently took azithromycin for “bronchitis”?

Select one:

 a.PPI twice a day plus clarithromycin plus amoxicillin for 14 days

b.Quadruple therapy with a PPI, bismuth, tetracycline, and metronidazole for 10 to 14 days

 c.PPI and levofloxacin for 14 days

 d.Triple therapy with PPI, bismuth, and levofloxacin

Question 42When are statins traditionally ordered to be taken?

Select one:

 a.At bedtime

 b.At noon

 c.At breakfast

 d.With the evening meal

Question 43When comparing Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) medications, which of the following holds true?

Select one:

 a.Both produce a dry, irritating cough.

 b.Both contribute to some retention of potassium.

 c.ARBs have a stronger impact on hypertension control than ACE medications.

 d.ARBs have stronger diabetes mellitus renal protection properties than ACE inhibitor medications.

Question 44When educating a patient who was just diagnosed with exercise-induced bronchospasm, what would be included?

Select one:

 a.Take salmeterol 90 minutes before exercise.

 b.Salmeterol can be used for exercise and daily dose for maintenance.

 c.Take albuterol 15 min before exercise, albuterol two puffs 15 min before exercise.

 d.Take albuterol 60 min before exercise.

Question 45When prescribing acyclovir, what should the nurse practitioner be educating the patient about?

Select one:

 a.High risk of developing diarrhea

 b.Need to drink lots of fluids during treatment

 c.Risk for life-threatening rash such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome

 d.Eccentric dosing schedule

Question 46When starting a patient on a statin, what should the nurse practitioner education include?

Select one:

 a.If they stop the medication their lipid levels will return to pretreatment levels.

 b.Medication is a supplement to diet therapy and exercise.

 c.If they have any muscle aches or pain, they should contact their provider.

 d.All of the above

Question 47When treating a patient for hypertension with a nonselective beta blocker, which other organ may be unintentionally affected? Select one.

Select one:

 a.Heart

 b.Kidney

 c.Liver

 d.Lung

Question 48Which diuretic agents typically do not need potassium supplementation?

Select one:

 a.Loop diuretics

 b.Thiazide diuretics

 c.Aldosterone inhibitors

 d.They all need supplementation.

Question 49Which medication should not be used to prevent progression of gout in a patient?

Select one:

 a.Probenecid (Benemid)

b.Febuxostat (Uloric)

 c.Colchicine (Colcrys)

 d.Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

Question 50Which of the following antihypertensive medications should the nurse practitioner avoid when treating patients with emphysema?

Select one:

 a.Calcium channel blockers

 b.Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

c.Beta blockers

 d.Diuretics