| DNRS-6521-19/NURS-6521N-19-Advanced Pharmacology-2022-Fall-QTR-Term-wks-1-thru-11-(08/29/2022-11/13/2022)-PT27 |
Question 1
A patient is receiving cefazolin in combination with anticoagulants. To minimize the adverse effects during therapy, the nurse will
monitor the site of injection.
monitor the patient for bleeding gums.
continue therapy until 2 days after symptoms have resolved.
administer the medication with small amounts of food and fluids.
uestion 2
Autonomic Drugs are often using topical form for what purpose?
To control blood pressure
To shrink mucous membranes
To treat congestive heart failure
To treat respiratory conditions
Question 3
When a NP chooses a benzodiazepine to treat anxiety the prescriber needs to be aware of the possibility of dependence. The Benzodiazepine associated with the greatest likelihood of causing rapid dependence is:
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Oxazepam (serax)
Question 4
All of the following systemic drugs interfere with metabolism of oral contraceptives except
Ketoconazole
Corticosteroids
Carbamazepine
Tetracycline
Question 5
Off label prescribing is:
Regulated by the FDA
Illegal by NPs in all states and provinces
Legal if there is scientific evidence for the use
Regulated by the DEA
Question 6
A 60-year-old patient experienced a sudden onset of chest pain and shortness of breath and was subsequently diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism in the emergency department. The patient has been started on an intravenous heparin infusion. How does this drug achieve therapeutic effect?
By promoting the rapid excretion of vitamin K by the gastrointestinal mucosa
By inhibiting the action of vitamin K at its sites of action
By inhibiting platelet aggregation on vessel walls and promoting fibrinolysis
By inactivating clotting factors and thus stopping the coagulation cascade
uestion 7
A 6-month-old child has developed skin irritation due to an allergic reaction. He has been prescribed a topical skin ointment. The nurse will consider which of the following before administering the drug?
That the infant's skin has greater permeability than that of an adult
That there is less body surface area to be concerned about
That there is decreased absorption rates of topical drugs in infants
That there is a lower concentration of water in an infant's body compared with an adult
Question 8
The nurse practitioner orders Amoxicillin 500 mg tid? What is the total amount of medication patient will take per day?
500 mg
1000 mg
1500 mg
150 mg
Question 9
An immunocompromised patient with a diagnosis of candidiasis has failed to respond to conservative therapy and has consequently begun treatment with amphotericin B. The nurse is aware that this drug achieves a therapeutic effect by way of its influence on
the osmolarity of fungal intracellular fluid.
protein synthesis of fungal cells.
the production and maturation of CD4+ T-cells.
the permeability of fungal cell walls.
Question 10
A 20-year-old woman will soon begin taking oral contraceptives for the first time. What advice should the nurse provide to this patient?
"Make sure to seek care quickly if you experience bad headaches, calf pain, or changes in vision."
"It will take 10 to 12 weeks before the birth control pills will actually prevent pregnancy, so be vigilant with other contraceptives until then."
"Some women get some pain in their chest or abdomen when they take oral contraceptives, but this will pass as your body gets used to them."
"You need to carefully consider whether you might want to get pregnant later in your life."
Question 11
The nurse practitioner has prescribed elemental iron 6 mg/kg/day in three divided doses for a toddler diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. What instructions would the family nurse practitioner include for the parents?
Give the iron with food to increase the absorption of the medication.
Give the medication through a straw to decrease the staining of the teeth.
Avoid foods containing ascorbic acid, which decreases absorption of the medication.
If a dose is missed, double up on the next two doses.
Question 12
Lyrica is what controlled substance schedule?
C-II
C-III
C-IV
C-V
C-VI
Question 13
Based on the following patient comments, which statement does not show the patient's understanding of their medication regimen?
I take my tetracycline on an empty stomach.
I finish my whole course of antibiotics, even if I’m feeling better.
I do not take OTC dextromethorphan because it will interact with my phenelzine.
I take my ibandronate once a week.
I take buspirone three times daily for my anxiety.
Question 14
A Nurse Practitioner is explaining the use of acyclovir therapy to a 72-year-old man. Nephrotoxicity is discussed as a major adverse effect in older patients. To minimize the risk of the patient developing this adverse effect, the nurse will advise him to
take the tablets on an empty stomach.
decrease the drug dosage if initial symptoms of nephrotoxicity appear.
stay well hydrated by drinking at least eight 8-oz glasses of water daily.
eat light meals every day.
uestion 15
An NP is seeing a child who weights 25 pounds, 2 oz and needs a medication. The NP learns that the recommended dosing for this drug is 30-35 mg per kg per day in three divided doses. The NP should order
110 mg daily
110 mg tid
330 mg once a day
330 mg tid
Question 16
A Nurse Practitioner has questioned why a patient's physician has prescribed a narrow-spectrum antibiotic rather than a broad-spectrum drug in the treatment of a patient's infection. Which of the following facts provides the best rationale for the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics whenever possible?
Broad-spectrum antibiotics confound the results of subsequent culture and sensitivity testing.
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics normally require a shorter duration of treatment.
The efficacy of most narrow-spectrum antibiotics has not been proven.
The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics can create a risk for a superinfection.
Question 17
A quinolone used to treat a urinary tract infection would be contraindicated in :
pregnant patient
a 19 year old female
a patient with hypertension
a patient with pyelonephritis
Question 18
Baby Jasmine is a 5 month old breastfed infant with a fever. Treatment for her fever may include:
Acetaminophen suppository
"baby" aspirin
Ibuprofen suppository
Alternating acetaminophen and ibuprofen
Question 19
Which of the following would the nurse include in a teaching plan about the signs and symptoms of thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism that should be reported by a patient taking estrogen?
Cholestatic jaundice
Amenorrhea
Headaches and chest pain
Breast tenderness
1 points
Question 20
John, the Nurse Practitioner is prescribing Fosamax for his patient. Bisphosphonate administration education includes
Taking it on a full stomach
Sitting erect for at least 30 minutes afterwards
Drinking it with orange juice
Taking it with H2 blockers or proton pump inhibitors to protect the stomach
Question 21
Jacob was eating cheese and drinking beer. Thirty minutes Later, he developed severe hypertension, diaphoresis, Flushing, and muscle rigidity. He may have been taken which drug?
Trazodone
Phenelzine
Nortriptyline
Diphenhydramine
uestion 22
Which of the following drugs can a person with G6PD deficiency take safely?
Nitrofurantoin
Acetaminophen
Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole
Aspirin
Question 23
Mr. Asberry is taking Levofloxacin for his sinusitis. He calls your clinic and reports some pain just above the heel of his left foot. The NP should:
change the medication to ofloxacin
reassure the patient that this is a common side effect
discontinue the levofloxacin
change to ciprofloxacin
Question 24
The NP student knows that which statement below accurately describes the activity of naloxone?
It is most effective when administered orally
It may induce immediate withdrawal symptoms and chronic opiate users
It exerts its affects for 6 to 8 hours
It is used to maintain opiate and alcohol abstinence
Question 25
Phenytoin decreases folic acid absorption by
Altaring in the pH of the stomach
Increasing gastric emptying time
Inhibiting intestinal enzymes require for folic acid absorption
Chelation of the folic acid into inactive ingredients
Question 26
A Nurse Practitioner is working with a 16-year-old pregnant teen and assessing for behavior that may put the baby at risk. The most important assessment the nurse can make is
whether the pregnant woman uses illegal substances.
whether the pregnant woman has health insurance.
the pregnant woman's exercise habits.
the pregnant woman's dietary habits.
1 points
Question 27
Intravenous carmustine has been prescribed for a patient with cancer. The nurse should help relieve the discomfort of pain and burning during the infusion by
slowing the infusion.
decreasing the volume used for dilution.
decreasing the total volume of the primary IV infusion.
administering a dose of 2 units of bleomycin before carmustine.
Question 28
A 45-year-old woman with acute leukemia is going to begin chemotherapy with vincristine. The nurse is aware that vincristine must always be administered
at a rapid infusion rate.
at a slow infusion rate.
through an IV line primed with vincristine.
through a central line.
Question 29
A 30-year-old African-American woman tested positive for TB and is prescribed isoniazid. The nurse will plan the patient's care to include close monitoring of the drug therapy because
the process of drug elimination will be faster in this patient.
the therapeutic effect of the drug may be too slow to be effective.
the patient is at greater risk for high serum levels of the drug.
the process of drug metabolism may be faster in this patient.
Question 30
A 15-year-old patient has meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae. She is being treated with chloramphenicol. The most important nursing action for this patient would be to monitor
blood sugar levels daily.
liver enzymes monthly.
plasma concentrations regularly.
urine output daily.
Question 31
A 16-year-old boy is prescribed cromolyn sodium nasal spray to treat a nasal allergy. To maximize the therapeutic effects of the drug, which of the following will the nurse include in instructions to the patient?
Take the drug on a full stomach
Avoid high noise levels
Take the drug for one full week before coming in contact with allergens
Drink plenty of fluids.
Question 32
A 62-year-old patient taking tamoxifen exhibits increased bone and tumor pain along with a local disease flare. The nurse interprets this as an indication of which of the following?
A hypersensitivity reaction
The tumor responding to treatment
Nephrotoxic effects of tamoxifen
Cardiomyopathy
Question 33
Alprostadil (Caverject), a drug used to treat erectile dysfunction, has been prescribed to a 42-year-old patient. When providing education to the patient and his wife, the nurse should inform the wife about which of the following adverse effects?
Low blood pressure
Vaginal burning
Increased heart rate
Reduced desire for sexual activity
uestion 34
A 65-year-old woman has an advanced form of rheumatoid arthritis. Her treatment includes a regular dosage of methotrexate. The APRN will advise her to take which of the following vitamin supplements while taking the drug?
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Question 35
A Nurse Practitioner educator who coordinates the staff education on an oncology unit is conducting an inservice on targeted therapies. What potential benefit of targeted therapies should the nurse highlight in this education session?
Targeted therapies achieve the therapeutic benefits of traditional chemotherapy with no risk of adverse effects.
Targeted therapies have the potential to provide prophylactic protection against neoplasia in high-risk individuals.
Targeted therapies are significantly more cost-effective than traditional chemotherapeutic drugs.
Targeted therapies have the potential to damage cancerous cells while leaving normal body cells less affected.
Question 36
When planning care for a patient who is receiving filgrastim (Neupogen) for a nonmyeloid malignancy, the nurse should formulate which of the following patient outcomes? (Select all that apply.)
The patient will not develop an infection.
The patient will not experience bone pain.
The patient will be able to self-administer filgrastim at home.
The patient will not develop febrile neutropenia.
The patient will not retain fluid.
Question 37
Alendronate (Fosamax) is prescribed for a 67-year-old postmenopausal woman. In order to help prevent gastrointestinal distress, the nurse will advise the patient to
stand or sit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking alendronate.
avoid drinking water with the drug.
lift weights in the gym at least five times a week.
take calcium and vitamin D supplements.
Question 38
A 19-year-old patient reports to a clinic with vaginal discharge with a foul odor. A microscopic exam reveals trichomonas vaginalis. The nurse practitioner is aware that
asymptomatic women are diagnosed with trichomoniasis by a routine pap smear.
trichomoniasis is an incurable disease.
trichomoniasis discharge is typically thin and clear.
it is unusual to have an odor with trichomoniasis.
Question 39
Lily, the nurse practitioner is seeing Mr. Reynolds today. She would recognize that which of the following is a potential adverse side effects of autonomic-anticholinergic agents?
Reduced GM motility
Increased symptoms of benign prosthetic hypertrophy
Bradycardia
Photosensitivity
Question 40
A 45-year-old female patient is prescribed ciprofloxacin to treat a bronchial infection. A nursing assessment revealed that she started taking daily vitamin supplements about 2 years ago. To maximize the therapeutic effects of the ciprofloxacin therapy, the nurse should advise the patient to
take the vitamins at least 2 hours before or after taking ciprofloxacin.
alternate the dosage of ciprofloxacin and vitamin supplements.
reduce the dosage of vitamin supplements.
reduce the dosage of vitamin supplements and double the dosage of ciprofloxacin.
Question 41
A Nurse Practitioner is assessing a patient who has chronic lymphoblastic myelogenous leukemia. The treatment plan includes hydroxyurea (Hydrea). The nurse will assess the patient for which of the following?
Diabetes mellitus
Hypertension
Leukopenia
Hypoglycemia
1 points
Question 42
Lisa, age 25, has just been placed on Minocycline. The NP should tell this pt to:
expect headaches periodically when taking this medicine
avoid taking antacids while taking this drug
Use a backup form of contraception if currently taking oral contraceptive pills
Always take the medication on an empty stomach
Question 43
A Nurse Practitioner is aware that the concept of selective toxicity is foundational to antimicrobial therapy. Which of the following statements most accurately describes selective toxicity?
A drug harms microbes without harming human cells.
A drug's effect on microorganisms is proportionate to dose.
Most microbes may be collected from a host and cultured on an alternative medium.
A drug can be isolated and produced in a controlled manner in a laboratory setting.
Question 44
An immunocompromised patient in a critical care setting has developed a respiratory infection that has been attributed to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The nurse should anticipate that the patient will require treatment with
ciprofloxacin.
clindamycin.
vancomycin.
an antistaphylococcic penicillin.
Question 45
A patient has been prescribed oral tetracycline. The nurse will instruct the patient to take the drug
on an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking any meals or other drugs.
with a meal.
with milk or fruit juice.
at bedtime only.
Question 46
Which antibiotic is most frequently associated with "Red man Syndrome"
Rifampin
Vancomycin
Amphotericin B
Ciprofloxacin
Question 47
Laboratory testing has confirmed that a patient has chloroquine-resistant malaria and the patient's physician has prescribed quinine along with an adjunctive drug. The nurse should question the physician's order if the patient has a history of
osteoporosis or low bone density.
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
diabetes mellitus.
cardiac arrhythmias.
Question 48
The first line drug choice for a previously healthy adult patient who has been diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia would be
Flagyl
Azithromycin
Ciprofloxacin
Amoxicillin
Question 49
A 12-year-old boy is being discharged from the hospital after major surgery. The boy will be taking two medications at home for an extended period. The nurse who is discharging the patient should provide medication teaching specifically to
the mother regarding why the boy needs to take the medications.
both the boy and his mother regarding all medication issued.
the boy by telling him not to worry about the medications and to take them as directed.
the mother and be sure to reinforce the need to force the medications, if her son does not want to take them.
Question 50
A Nurse Practitioner is reviewing the prepregnancy medication regimen of a patient who has just had a positive pregnancy test. The nurse should be aware of which of the following changes in pharmacokinetics that accompanies pregnancy?
Hepatic metabolism of drugs that are normally metabolized by the kidneys
Increased drug distribution resulting from hemodynamic changes
Decreased absorption of inhaled drugs due to decreased tidal volume
Decreased excretion rates as a result of decreased glomerular filtration rate during pregnancy
Question 51
Black cohosh is an herb that is commonly used for
Fatigue
Depression
Menopausal symptoms
Appetite suppression
Question 52
The NP is considering a medication to treat Ms. Robert's Urinary Tract Infection. The NP knows that Trimethoprim sulfamethazole (Bactrim) Is contra indicated in which of the following conditions:
G6PD deficiency anemia
Lead poisoning
Hyperlipidemia
B12 deficiency anemia
Question 53
A 36-year-old woman with a history of dysmenorrhea has begun treatment with progesterone, which she will be receiving by the intramuscular route. The nurse participating in the woman's care should prioritize which of the following potential nursing diagnoses?
Incontinence, Functional, related to neurosensory and musculoskeletal changes
Fluid Volume Deficit related to metabolic changes secondary to drug therapy
Confusion, Chronic, related to CNS changes resulting from adverse drug effects
Risk for Injury related to loss of vision or thrombotic events
Question 54
A Nurse Practitioner is obtaining baseline physical data from a 7-year-old patient who is to be started on dextroamphetamine for ADHD. After obtaining vital signs, height, and weight, the nurse will prepare the patient for an
electrocardiogram (ECG).
electromyelogram (EMG).
electroencephalogram (EEG).
electrophysiologic study (EPS).
Question 55
A Nurse Practitioner who provides care on a pediatric medicine unit has conducted a medication reconciliation of a recently-admitted patient. In light of the fact that the child takes methylphenidate (Ritalin), the nurse is justified in considering a history of what health problem?
Anxiety
Respiratory depression
Obesity
ADHD
Question 56
Some drugs are given to patients using other routes such as sublingual or topical to avoid movement through the liver and possible side effects. Which of the following effects is the Nurse Practitioner attempting to avoid by administering certain medications via alternative routes?
Prodrug effect
Plasma concentration-time curve effect
First-Pass effect
Drug-receptor interaction effect
Question 57
A patient with bipolar disorder is on divalproex sodium (Depakote) for mania. What test(s) would the family nurse practitioner monitor?
Liver function test and CBC.
ECG.
UA and C&S
Pulmonary function test.
Question 58
Amoxicillin is to be administered from a multiple dose container. After water is added for reconstitution, the well shaken oral suspension will yield 250mg/5mL. If the prescribed child's dose is 100mg bid, how many mL should be administered per dose?
1.75 mLs
2 mLs
3.25 mLs
4 mLs
None of the above
Question 59
What schedule drug is alprazolam?
I
II
III
IV
Question 60
A patient reports to a clinic with complaints of breast tenderness, a right lumpy breast, and no breast discharge. The breast tenderness occurs primarily during her menstrual cycle. The nurse practitioner probably suspects
breast cancer.
cancerous breast tenderness.
pain in the heart.
PMS.
Question 61
Pernicious anemia is treated with
Folic acid supplements
Thiamine supplements
Vitamin B12
Iron
Question 62
Which of the following medication classes should be avoided and men with BPH
Fluoroquinolones
Alpha blockers
Nasal decongestants
Beta blockers
Question 63
Monitoring of male patients are using phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors includes which of the following?
complete blood count
lipid profile
blood pressure
Serum fasting glucose level
Question 64
The recommended treatment for trichomoniasis is
Flagyl.
Diflucan.
Amoxicillan.
Meclizine.
Question 65
Which step in the clotting cascade allows prothrombin to be converted to thrombin?
Activation of factor X to factor Xa
Activation of factor IX to factor X
Activation of factor XII to factor XIIa
Activation of factor XI to factor XIa
Question 66
A 68-year-old man is being treated for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and began treatment with finasteride (Proscar) 3 months ago. When planning the care of this patient, what desired outcome should the nurse prioritize?
The patient will remain free of sexual side effects related to drug therapy
The patient will experience complete bladder emptying
The patient will remain free of urethral pain
The patient will not experience hematuria
Question 67
Which of the following brand-generic combinations is incorrectly matched?
Zyprexa-olanzapine
Valium-alprazolam
Klonopin-clonazepam
Desyrel-trazodone
Seroquel-quetiapine
Question 68
A patient has acquired primary hypogonadism and has been prescribed testosterone transdermal (Androderm) patches. When educating the patient on how to administer the drug, the nurse will instruct him to
place the patch on the back, abdomen, upper arms, or thighs.
place the patch on the scrotum.
place the patch on a bony area such as the shoulder or hip.
leave the patch in place for 15 days before replacing it.
Question 69
Terazosin (Hytrin) is classified under which of the following drug class:
beta blockers
tricyclic blockers
alpha blockers
calcium channel blockers
Question 70
A nurse practitioner orders 150 mg of oral fluconazole for a patient with vulvovaginal candidiasis. The patient should expect to take medication
every day until the infection is gone.
once a day.
for 30 days.
for 20 days.
Question 71
A Nurse Practitioner is to use a single-dose 1 mL vial to administer 0.5 mL of epoetin alfa to a 39-year-old woman who is being treated for chemotherapy-induced anemia. Which of the foll
