MATC FA2021-NATSCI-186 Unit 3 Quiz - Acid-Base Chemistry

QUESTION 1

1.            Match the following conjugate acid-base pairs.

HCO3?   

NH3                                         

H2O

H2PO4-

A.            HPO42-

B.            NH4+ 

C.            H3O+                       

D.            H2CO3          

QUESTION 2 What causes respiratory and metabolic acidosis? (Select all that apply.)

                hyperventelation

                excessive eating

                heavy exercise

                diabetes

                hypoventilation

                starvation

QUESTION 3 Arrange the following average pH values for several biological materials from the least to the most acidic.

gastric content, [H3O+] = 10-2M

spinal fluid, [OH-] = 10-6.6 M

milk, pH 7.1

saliva, pH = 7.0

urine, pH = 6.6

QUESTION 4       Match the following terms with their definitions.

acid

base

acid-base balance

pH

acidosis

alkalosis

buffers

A.            Hydrogen ion sponges- can bind with or release H+ thus maintaining pH of the solution

B.            blood pH > 7.45 H+↓

C.            blood pH < 7.35;  H+ ↑

D.            stable concentration of H+ ions in body fluids

E.            a substance which donates (or releases) H+ ions (when dissolved in H2O)

F.            a substance which accepts (or combines with) H+ ions (in solution)

G.           negative logarithm of H+ concentration (hydronium ions H3O+)

QUESTION 5       The lungs help regulate hydrogen ion concentration by retaining or eliminating which of the following?

a.            CO2

b.            O2

c.             HCO31-

d.            H+

QUESTION 6       In the body, if the bicarbonate level is high, the respiratory center compensates by decreasing the rate and depth of respiration.

  True

  False

QUESTION 7       A solution that has a pH of 2 is ______ times more _________ than a solution with a pH of 8.

                6, acidic

                106, acidic

                106, basic

                6, basic

QUESTION 8       What is the conjugate acid of HPO42- ?

                H2PO4-

                HPO4-

                PO43-

                H3PO4

QUESTION 9.      Nitric acid is a strong acid and dissociates completely when dissolved in water.

  True

  False

QUESTION 10.   Which statement concerning the relative strength of acids is FALSE?

a.            Strong acids are good proton donors; weak acids are poor proton donors.

b.            A strong acid produces more hydronium ions in water than a weak acid of the same concentration.

c.             Strong acids produce strong conjugate bases; weak acids produce weak conjugate bases.

d.            A strong acid completely transfers its protons to water; a weak acid only partially transfers its protons to water.

e.            Strong and weak acids differ in their extent of proton transfer to water.

QUESTION 11     Most acids are weak acids.

  True

  False

QUESTION 12     Consider two acids, A and B. If acid A is weaker than acid B, then acid B dissociates in water to a greater extent than acid A.

  True

  False

QUESTION 13     Consider two acids, A and B.  If acid A is stronger than acid B, then the conjugate base of B is stronger than the conjugate base of A.

  True

  False