BIO230 NATURAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT Exam 1, Fall 2020

NATURAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT

Bio 230

Fall 2020

Exam 1

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1.               _ is an example of an element.
   1. Water
   2. Calcium
   3. Glucose
   4. Salt

1. The four most common elements found in living organisms are __            _.
   1. nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and carbon
   2. carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen
   3. carbon, oxygen, potassium, and calcium
   4. oxygen, calcium, hydrogen, and carbon

1. In order to have a positive charge, an atom must have                _.
   1. more protons than electrons
   2. more electrons than protons
   3. more neutrons than protons
   4. more protons than neutrons

1. Beryllium's atomic mass is 9, and its atomic number is 4. How many neutrons are found in a beryllium atom?
   1. 9
   2. 13
   3. 4
   4. 5

1. An atom's               _ are found in its nucleus.
   1. neutrons and protons
   2. protons only
   3. neutrons and electrons
   4. electrons, protons, and neutrons

1. The hydrogen and oxygen atoms of a water molecule are held together by                  bonds.

1. ionic
2. covalent

1. True or False:

The simplest forms of carbohydrates are known as single sugar, simple sugar, or monosaccharaides.

1. What does disaccharide mean:                                            _

1. one sugar molecule
2. two sugar molecules
3. many sugar molecule

1. True or False:                _                          _

Disaccharides can be broken down into their simple sugars through a process called

hydrolysis.

1. Where we can find peptide bonds: in_                                                

a) Sugar (carbohydrates)       b) Protein (amino acids)      C) Fat (lipids)

1. Starch is a storage of                                                               that consist of glucose molecules in plants.

1. polysaccharides (complex sugar)
2. monosaccharaides (simple sugar)

1. Lipid means:                _                                  _

a)  Sugar       b) Protein       C) Fat

1. True or False:

Saturated fats are liquid and unsaturated fats are solid.                                         

1. Oleic acid is a fatty acid that occurs naturally in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. What can you tell about oleic acid just by looking at its structure?

1. 1. Oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid.
   2. Oleic acid is a saturated fatty acid.

1. Hormones, muscles, enzymes, tears, nails, hairs, hemoglobin (in blood) are made of

                                               _ Sugar    b) Protein                 C) Fat

1. Lemon juice, vinegar, and sour milk are examples of: _                                              _

a)  Acids      b) Base

1. True or False:                                                        Acids neutralize bases and bases neutralize acids.

1. Substance with a pH 7 is considered neutral (as water), a solution with a pH greater than 7  (9-14) is considered_                                                           _              

a)  acidic        b) basic

1. True or False:                                              _

An acid is a substance that releases (donates) a hydrogen ion (H+) in solution.

1. True or False:                                                  

A base is a substance that releases (donates) a hydroxide ion (OH-) in solution.

1. True or False:                                              _

Carbohydrates (sugars, starch) and proteins are water soluble (can get dissolved in water)

and fats (lipids) are not water soluble.

1. True or False:                                                  _ Water is the universal solvent.

1. In the following reaction, galactose is a                  .

galactose + glucose → lactose + water

1. 1. polysaccharide
   2. monomer
   3. polymer
   4. protein

1.                  is a steroid.
   1. Butter
   2. Sucrose
   3. Amino acid
   4. Estrogen (female sex hormone)

1. What is the name given to the reaction that breaks peptide bonds (in protein chain)?
   1. dehydration
   2. hydrolysis

1. Nucleic acids are polymers of                   monomers.
   1. monosaccharide
   2. fatty acid
   3. DNA
   4. nucleotide

1. DNA nucleotides include                 .
   1. uracil, guanine, adenine, and cytosine
   2. thymine, guanine, adenine, and cytosine
   3. thymine, uracil, adenine, and cytosine
   4. thymine, guanine, adenine, and uracil

1. Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?
   1. digestion of organic matter inside the cell
   2. protein modification and delivery
   3. drug detoxification
   4. cell respiration

Questions 29-32 match the letter of the organelle next to its corresponding function.

A) Ribosomes     B) Microtubules      C) Plasma Membrane      D) Mitochondria

1. Flexible boundary layer for ALL cells; regulates what comes in or out of the cell.
2. Network of fibers inside the cytosol (cytoplasm) that helps cell’s movements.
3. The site of protein synthesis.
4. The site of cellular respiration and cellular energy (ATP) formation.

1. True or False ---------

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is the site of lipid synthesis and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is the site of protein synthesis.

1.                  are the major lipids of plasma membranes.

1. Steroids
2. Fatty acids
3. Starches
4. Phospholipids

1. Most homeostatic mechanisms depend on                  .

1. positive feedback
2. negative feedback

Questions 36-40 match the letter of given term next to its corresponding definition.

A. active transport         B. Pinocytosis         C. Facilitated diffusion

D. Antiport    E. Symport

1.               a cell engulfs fluids forming an invagination and suspend it within a small vesicle.

1.                carrier moves solute down its concentration gradient with no need of ATP molecule

1.                carrier moves solute through a membrane up its concentration gradient uses ATP molecule

1.              carries two or more solutes simultaneously in same direction (cotransport)

1.              carries two or more solutes in opposite directions (counter transport)

Questions 41-50, match the letter to its corresponding number

Column A                                           Column B

1. 1. Gluteal                                                        41. Wrist
   2. Axillary                                                       42. Front Surface
   3. Brachial                                                       43. Armpit
   4. Anterior                                                       44. Buttocks
   5. Carpal                                                          45. Thigh
   6. Cephalic                                                      46. Back
   7. Cervical                                                       47. Neck
   8. Crural                                                          48. Arm
   9. Femoral                                                       49. Leg
   10. Dorsal                                                          50. Head